Connecticut Radiation Safety Rules for Fluoroscopy Teams

Please double-check this information. This is an ORSIF research summary, researched November 3, 2026. It is not comprehensive and not always accurate: rules change, and answers may be incomplete, out of date or wrong. It is education, not legal advice. Not yet reviewed by a regulatory expert. The research for this state ended before every question was fully answered, so some answers may be incomplete. Confirm each requirement at the source linked beside the answer, with the state program and with your facility's radiation safety officer. How this was made

In brief

ORSIF's research identified the Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (DEEP), Bureau of Air Management, Radiation Division as the agency that regulates X-ray and fluoroscopy equipment in Connecticut. Connecticut is a U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) Agreement State: it has signed an agreement with the NRC to regulate certain radioactive materials itself. Agreement State since September 2025 (NRC news release 25-057).

Connecticut DEEP regulates medical X-ray and fluoroscopy under its 1982 regulations (RCSA §§ 19-24-1 to 19-24-14 and 19-25d-1 to 19-25d-11). These rules contain no ALARA requirement for workers' doses. The ALARA duty that does exist comes from 10 CFR 20, which the state copies, and applies only to radioactive-materials licensees. Worker dose limits are quarterly: 1¼ rem whole body (up to 3 rem under the age formula), with the lens of the eye counted as whole body; hands and feet are limited to 18¾ rem and skin to 7½ rem per quarter. There is no embryo/fetus limit. The rules do not address aprons for human fluoroscopy, apron inspection, badge placement or engineered alternatives to aprons. Operators generally need a DPH radiographer license; physician assistants using fluoroscopy have a statutory exemption with unconfirmed conditions. Connecticut became an Agreement State on Sept 25, 2025.

ALARA for X-ray usersNoNone found Whole-body limit1¼ rem (12.5 mSv) per calendar quarter, or up to 3 rem (30 mSv) per quarter if the... Eye-lens limitNot founda year Apron inspectionNot found Alternatives to apronsNot found

The rules, question by question

Every answer names the rule it comes from. Open "Rule text and source" to read the citation, the source page and, where it could be matched, the exact wording.

Where the rules live

Which rules apply, and whether ALARA is among them.

Is Connecticut an NRC Agreement State?

Yes

Yes. Connecticut became the NRC's 40th Agreement State on September 25, 2025 (NRC press release No. 25-057). Because the change is recent, the state's rules are still in transition.

Rule text and source

Rule: NRC list of Agreement States, updated October 29, 2026; DEEP news release, 2025
Source: nrc.gov
portal.ct.gov
What it says: Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) Chairman David Wright today signed an agreement making Connecticut the federal agency's 40th "Agreement State,"
This quote was matched word for word to the source page.

Why this matters, in ORSIF's FAQs

Which rules cover X-ray and fluoroscopy equipment in Connecticut?

Yes

Yes. Three rule sets apply: RCSA §§ 19-24-1 to 19-24-14 (1982 general protection standards, eRegulations revised 2026-3-26); RCSA §§ 19-25d-1 to 19-25d-11 (X-ray device equipment and use rules; § 19-25d-4 covers fluoroscopy); and RCSA § 19-25a (registration). RCSA § 22a-153-20 (effective Oct 1, 2025) copies 10 CFR 20 into state law but applies only to radioactive-materials licensees. Cornell LII's 'repealed' label for 19-25d appears out of date; the repeal was reversed.

Rule text and source

Rule: RCSA § 19-24-1(a); § 19-25d-1; § 22a-153-20
Source: eregulations.ct.gov
What it says: Sections 19-24-2 to 19-24-14, inclusive, shall apply to all persons who receive, transfer, possess, manufacture, use, store, handle, transport or dispose of radioactive materials and to all persons who manufacture, use or operate other sources of ionizing radiation except as specifically exempted herein.
This quote was matched word for word to the source page.

Why this matters, in ORSIF's FAQs

Does Connecticut require X-ray users to keep doses as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA)?

No. The rules that apply to X-ray registrants contain no ALARA requirement for worker doses. The only similar wording is advisory and concerns the fluoroscope's table-top exposure rate (§ 19-25d-4(a)(7)). DEEP's webpage ALARA statement is a program goal, not a rule.

Where ALARA lives in Connecticut: No ALARA requirement found for X-ray users. X-ray registrants have no ALARA requirement, only advisory equipment wording. The ALARA duty for radioactive-materials licensees comes from 10 CFR 20, copied into state law 'as may be amended from time to time' by § 22a-153-1; Table 1.0 does not exclude § 20.1101 (not read directly). Since the Feb 11, 2026 amendment, § 19-24-1(c) keeps the X-ray rules separate from the licensee rules, so an NRC change would likely flow only into the licensee rules. (RCSA § 19-24-1(c); § 22a-153-20(b); § 22a-153-1(b)(2))

Rule text and source

Rule: RCSA § 19-25d-4(a)(7)
Source: eregulations.ct.gov
What it says: For routine fluoroscopy, the exposure rate measured at the panel or table top should be as low as practicable and shall not exceed ten roentgens per minute.
This quote was matched word for word to the source page.

Why this matters, in ORSIF's FAQs

Dose limits

The annual limits for workers, written in millisieverts (mSv). Ten mSv equal one rem.

What is the annual whole-body dose limit in Connecticut?

Yes

1¼ rem (12.5 mSv) per calendar quarter, or up to 3 rem (30 mSv) per quarter if the lifetime dose stays within 5(N-18) rem and there is a written dose history. Workers under 18 are limited to 10% of these limits.

Rule text and source

Rule: RCSA § 19-24-5(a), (c)
Source: eregulations.ct.gov
What it says: “Dose to the whole body” shall be deemed to include any dose to the whole body, gonads, active blood-forming organs, head and trunk or lens of eye.
This quote was matched word for word to the source page.

Why this matters, in ORSIF's FAQs

What is the annual eye-lens dose limit in Connecticut?

In part

There is no separate lens limit and no adoption of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) 20 mSv value. The lens counts as whole body, so the quarterly whole-body limits apply. That works out to 50 mSv a year at the base rate, and up to 120 mSv a year in principle under the 3-rem option.

Rule text and source

Rule: RCSA § 19-24-5(a), (c)
Source: eregulations.ct.gov
What it says: “Dose to the whole body” shall be deemed to include any dose to the whole body, gonads, active blood-forming organs, head and trunk or lens of eye.
This quote was matched word for word to the source page.

Why this matters, in ORSIF's FAQs

What is the annual limit for the skin, hands and feet in Connecticut?

Yes

Hands and forearms, and feet and ankles: 18¾ rem (187.5 mSv) per quarter. Skin of the whole body: 7½ rem (75 mSv) per quarter.

Rule text and source

Rule: RCSA § 19-24-5(a)
Source: eregulations.ct.gov

Why this matters, in ORSIF's FAQs

What limit applies to a declared pregnant worker in Connecticut?

Not addressed. There is no pregnancy or embryo/fetus provision anywhere in 19-24.

Rule text and source

Rule: RCSA § 19-24-5
Source: eregulations.ct.gov

Why this matters, in ORSIF's FAQs

Dosimeters

When a worker must wear a dosimeter, and where.

When must a worker in Connecticut wear a dosimeter?

Yes

Personal dosimeters must be supplied and required for anyone likely to receive more than 25% of the quarterly limit, workers under 18 likely to receive more than 5%, and anyone entering a high radiation area. Dose records must cover periods of no more than one quarter.

Rule text and source

Rule: RCSA § 19-24-6(a)(1)
Source: eregulations.ct.gov
What it says: Each employee and other individual who receives, or is likely to receive, a dose in any calendar quarter in excess of twenty-five per cent of the applicable value specified in subsection (a) of section 19-24-5;
This quote was matched word for word to the source page.

Why this matters, in ORSIF's FAQs

Where must the dosimeter be worn in Connecticut when a protective apron is worn?

Not addressed. The rules set no badge location, no two-badge method and no effective-dose formula. A 2015 proposal (REG2015-030) included such methods but was never adopted.

Rule text and source

Rule: RCSA § 19-24-6(a)(2)
Source: eregulations.ct.gov
What it says: “personnel monitoring equipment” means devices designed to be worn or carried by an individual for the purpose of measuring the dose received (e.g., film badges, pocket chambers, pocket dosimeters, film rings, etc.).
This quote was matched word for word to the source page.

Why this matters, in ORSIF's FAQs

Aprons and alternatives

Protective apparel, how it is checked, and whether other systems are addressed.

Must staff in Connecticut fluoroscopy rooms wear protective aprons or other apparel?

NoLess certain

There is no apron, thyroid shield or eyewear requirement for human fluoroscopy staff. Aprons are required only for operators of hand-held low-voltage therapy tubes (§ 19-25d-10, no lead value stated) and for veterinary radiography (§ 19-25d-11, 0.5 mm lead equivalent).

Rule text and source

Rule: RCSA § 19-25d-11 (veterinary only); § 19-25d-4 (fluoroscopy; no apparel provision)
Source: regulations.justia.com
What it says: clothing consisting of a protective apron having a lead equivalent of not less than one-half millimeter shall be worn by the operator and any other individuals in the room during exposures.
This quote was matched word for word to the source page.

Why this matters, in ORSIF's FAQs

Does Connecticut require protective aprons to be inspected?

NoLess certain

Not addressed. No requirement to inspect protective apparel was found in 19-24 or 19-25d.

Rule text and source

Why this matters, in ORSIF's FAQs

Do the rules in Connecticut address engineered protection systems used in place of aprons?

NoLess certain

Not addressed. The rules are silent on engineered shielding systems used instead of aprons. DEEP has a general variance power, provided patient or operator exposure would not increase.

Rule text and source

Rule: RCSA § 19-25d-3(d)
Source: regulations.justia.com
What it says: The commissioner may grant a variance to requirements in Sections 19-25d-3 to 19-25d-11 inclusive, provided that it can be demonstrated that the use of the equipment under the variance will not result in an increase in radiation exposure to the patient or operator.
This quote was matched word for word to the source page.

About ALARA+

Who operates the equipment

Who may use fluoroscopy equipment and what training the rules ask for.

Who may operate fluoroscopy equipment in Connecticut?

In partLess certain

A DPH radiographer license is required to operate a medical X-ray system. Radiographers work under the supervision and order of a licensed physician, chiropractor, naturopath, podiatrist, dentist or veterinarian. A physician assistant using fluoroscopy is exempt (§ 20-74ee(a)(6)), but the conditions are unconfirmed. The physician exemption is unconfirmed. Radiologist assistants work under direct radiologist supervision. Nurses and nurse practitioners: not found.

Rule text and source

Rule: CGS §§ 20-74bb, 20-74ee(a)(6), 20-74mm; RCSA § 19-25d-3(b)(2)
Source: lawserver.com
What it says: No person shall operate a medical x-ray system unless such person has obtained a license as a radiographer from the department pursuant to this section.
This quote was matched word for word to the source page.

Why this matters, in ORSIF's FAQs

What training or credentials does Connecticut require to operate fluoroscopy equipment?

In partLess certain

A radiographer license requires completing an accredited radiologic technology program (or an American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT)-deemed equivalent) and passing an exam. The DEEP rules require only that operators be adequately instructed and competent. No state fluoroscopy permit, physician or PA fluoroscopy training hours, or continuing-education requirement was found.

Rule text and source

Rule: CGS § 20-74bb(a); RCSA § 19-25d-3(b)(2)
Source: cga.ct.gov
What it says: The owner shall assure that all x-ray equipment under his control is operated only by individuals adequately instructed in safe operating procedures and competent in safe use of the equipment.
This quote was matched word for word to the source page.

Why this matters, in ORSIF's FAQs

Changes on the way, and recent ones

Rules, bills and guidance the research found from 2025 and 2026, with the ones that touch fluoroscopy teams first.

Adopted rulePermanent regulation PR2025-026
Final approved regulation (Feb 11, 2026)
Amended § 19-24-1 and repealed the repeal of the X-ray rules, in light of uncertainty in federal (NRC) rulemaking.
Source: portal.ct.gov
Adopted ruleEmergency regulation ER2025-025
Effective; expiring Mar 24, 2026 (Sep 25, 2025)
Kept the old X-ray rules in force.
Source: cga.ct.gov
Proposed ruleNRC proposed Part 20 rewrite
Proposed; NRC final rule expected late Nov 2026
Because Connecticut copies 10 CFR 20 automatically, this would likely flow into the licensee rules but not the X-ray rules.
BillHB 5139 (2025)
Proposed; outcome not verified (2025)
Proposed repealing the X-ray registration fee.
Source: cga.ct.gov

1 other item the research logged (radiation therapy, industrial machines, fees and other subjects)

Adopted ruleRCSA §§ 22a-153-1 to -150 (File No. 6419, PR2021-040)
Effective (Oct 1, 2025)
Radioactive-materials rules copying 10 CFR 20. Section 4 repealed 19-24, 19-25a and 19-25d; that repeal was later reversed.
Source: eregulations.ct.gov

Also worth knowing

Fluoroscopy staff are protected by 1982-era rules: limits are counted by quarter, and there is no ALARA requirement, no pregnant-worker provision, and no rules on aprons, badges or apron inspection.
DEEP had begun replacing the X-ray rules (2015 proposal); the 2025-26 actions deliberately postponed that while federal rules change.
Employers must instruct staff on precautions and give them their exposure records annually on request, including to former employees (§ 19-24-10).
The 2024 rule package added civil penalties for violations involving "other sources of ionizing radiation."
Cornell LII's 'repealed' label for §§ 19-25d appears outdated.

What ORSIF could not confirm

Questions the research could not settle. If you know the answer, tell us.

Final text of PR2025-026: confirm whether any 19-25d wording changed (record: https://eregulations.ct.gov/eRegsPortal/Search/RMRView/PR2025-026).
Full text of CGS § 20-74ee: conditions on the PA fluoroscopy exemption and on the physician exemption.
Whether nurses or nurse practitioners may activate fluoroscopy, and whether any continuing-education or physician fluoroscopy training rule exists.
Outcomes of HB 5139 (2025) and any 2026 bills on fluoroscopy, aprons or lens limits.
Whether DEEP plans new X-ray rules after the NRC final rule (expected late Nov 2026).
The research for Connecticut ended before these items were checked further.

Who regulates, and where to read the rules

Double-check before you rely on this page

ORSIF compiled this page from the sources linked on it and did its best. It is not comprehensive and it is not always accurate. Rules change, a rule may have been missed or misread, and the sources themselves can be out of date. Treat this page as a starting point.

Where to check

The rule itself. Open "Rule text and source" under any answer, or read the sources listed below.
The state. Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (DEEP). Program contacts in the CRCPD directory.
Your radiation safety officer. They know the federal, accreditation and facility requirements that apply at your site, which the state rules do not cover.

What may be missing here

0 of 14 answers on this page are "Not found" or "Unclear". That means ORSIF did not find the answer in the rules it reviewed, not that no rule exists.
5 answers carry a flag or a lower confidence ("Check the source" or "Less certain").
The research for this state ended before every question was fully answered, so some answers may be incomplete.
Researched November 3, 2026. Rules may have changed since.
Only the state's rules for X-ray and fluoroscopy equipment were reviewed.

Found something wrong or missing? Tell ORSIF.

Sources and terms

Terms used on this page

ALARA: As low as reasonably achievable: keep radiation doses as low as is reasonable, below the legal limits.
Agreement State: A state that has signed an agreement with the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission to regulate certain radioactive materials itself.
mSv: Millisievert, a unit of radiation dose. Ten mSv equal one rem, the older unit some rules still use.
Dosimeter: A badge or device worn to measure a worker's radiation dose.
Lead equivalent: The thickness of lead (mm Pb) that would give the same protection as the material described.
NRC: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
ICRP: International Commission on Radiological Protection
ARRT: American Registry of Radiologic Technologists

All 18 sources the research read

Found something out of date or wrong? Tell ORSIF. Corrections are checked against the rule text and the page is updated.